In recent years, the meat and duck breeding industry in our province has developed rapidly, with the industry constantly growing and the breeding mode constantly improving. Meat and duck breeding has become a new highlight in adjusting the internal structure of rural areas and developing the animal husbandry economy. Its role in promoting farmers' increased production and income, and alleviating urban and rural employment pressure is becoming increasingly prominent. Now let's analyze several main models of meat duck farming in our province.

1. Standardized three-dimensional breeding mode

  & nbsp;   Compared with the conventional mode, this mode occupies the same amount of land and can support a 9-story building, which maximizes the utilization rate of existing land and has obvious advantages in the current situation of increasingly tight land use. Easy to use feeding equipment, achieving automation, improving breeding efficiency, reducing the occurrence of diseases, reducing medication dosage, and ensuring product quality and safety. This model is suitable for promotion in farms with tight land use and high scale.

  & nbsp;   Based on the current market situation, the net income from selling a meat duck is around 2.5 yuan, with a single building investment of around 10 million yuan. Similarly, if the duck is raised in sets, there will be 8 fewer batches sold each year, with 180000 in stock per building. The annual sales volume will reach 1.44 million, and the net income will be around 3.6 million yuan. The cost will be recovered after 2.7 years. This model has obvious advantages in promoting in areas with tight land use. Due to the high requirements for technological level, it is currently mainly promoted in large-scale and technologically advanced breeding farms, and has achieved certain development in areas such as Binzhou and Weifang.

  & nbsp;     Advantages:

  & nbsp;     Disadvantage: The three-dimensional farming mode, due to the lack of consideration for manure treatment during design, has resulted in the current method of cleaning manure being done manually using trays. Although the cleaning cycle time is long, there are shortcomings in terms of labor costs. Typical enterprise: Tianpeng Duck Industry Co., Ltd. in Boxing County, Shandong Province.

  & Fermentation bed aquaculture mode

  & nbsp;   This type of mode can achieve zero emission treatment of duck feces, with no odor, no need for manure cleaning, removal of ammonia, creation of a good new micro ecological duck house, improvement of animal welfare, strengthening of duck visceral system, enhancement of duck immunity, improvement of duck meat and egg quality, and production of green egg ducks and meat ducks. In addition, using this technology to raise ducks saves labor and costs, improves growth rate, and enhances the efficiency of duck farming. The fermentation bed breeding mode can save 0.5 yuan in treatment costs per meat duck, and the meat to material ratio of meat ducks has increased from 1:2.0 to 1:1.90. Each meat duck can save 0.25 yuan in input costs such as feed and veterinary drugs, and increase efficiency by 0.75 yuan per slaughtered meat duck. According to the current traditional style model, the net income of a meat duck is around 2.00 yuan, and the net income of the fermentation bed breeding model is around 2.75 yuan. Each building is 124m long by 13m wide, with a total investment of about 160000 yuan. Calculated based on a stock of 5000, the annual output of 5 batches reaches 25000, with a net income of 687500 yuan and a cost recovery of 2.32 years. At present, significant progress has been made in promoting the meat duck fermentation bed breeding model in Shandong, and it has already accounted for a certain proportion in the breeding structure of Linyi, Weifang, Binzhou and other places. However, the dual pressure of high bedding costs and tight land use situation currently restricts the further promotion of this model.

  & nbsp;     Advantages of Fermentation Bed Farming Mode:<; 1> It can significantly improve labor productivity. Using this technology to raise ducks saves labor and costs, and improves the efficiency of duck farming& lt;2> Significantly increase the growth rate of meat ducks. Solved the adverse factors of cold winter on meat ducks, improved the growth and breeding speed of winter feeding, saved energy, and increased efficiency& lt;3> The economic benefits of raising meat ducks have significantly increased. Even without considering the factors of labor savings and high prices, the cost savings of feed, veterinary drugs, water and electricity alone can save 0.5 yuan in input costs such as feed and veterinary drugs per meat and poultry, and increase efficiency by 0.75 yuan per slaughtered meat and poultry& lt;4> Reduce diseases and improve the quality of duck meat. The fermentation bed gathers special duck houses to make the duck house ventilated, sunny, and temperature and humidity suitable for the growth of meat ducks, which meets the requirements of animal welfare. Meat ducks can grow and develop healthily, incidence rate is reduced, and antibiosis and antibacterial drugs are no longer used to improve the quality of duck meat& lt;5> Solved the problem of fecal treatment and improved the rural ecological environment.

  & nbsp;     Disadvantages:<; 1> Waste gas cushion material suppliers cannot achieve optimal prices, and the production of organic fertilizers still needs to be explored& lt;2> The cost of padding input is becoming increasingly high, and farmers bear the social cost of zero discharge of manure& lt;3> The cooling pressure inside the duck house is slightly higher in summer, and the water vapor in the duck house is higher in winter, making it difficult to coordinate ventilation and insulation& lt;4> The breeding density has decreased, and it is not suitable to promote it in areas with tight soil conditions. Typical enterprise: Boxing County Shunxin Jinji Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd

  & Nbsp;    3 1235 (company+standardized farm+farmer) order model

  & nbsp;     The European style of "company+standardized farm+farmer" order breeding with "1235" as the core created by China Australia Group: "1" is led by China Australia Group; 2 "stands for" two high pricing, win-win situation for farmers and enterprises ", which means selling production materials to farmers at high prices and purchasing commodity ducks from farmers at high prices; 3" stands for "three credit sales", which means the company sells duck seedlings, feed, and veterinary drugs to farmers on credit; 5 "stands for" five unifications ", which means the company provides unified services for duck breeders, including unified supply of chicks, feed, medicine, epidemic prevention, and slaughter. Due to the order based breeding model adopted by the same farmers, duck seedlings, feed, and veterinary drugs do not require investment, and farmers only need to invest in building duck sheds. Generally, each standardized duck shed has a fixed investment of about 70000 yuan, and each shed can raise more than 2000 commodity ducks, with 5-6 batches per year. On average, a duck can make a profit of 2.5 yuan, with an annual profit of about 30000 yuan.

  & nbsp;     The "1235" model in China and Australia relies on leading enterprises as the market for farmers, effectively solving the problems of lack of funds, market, and technology for farmers. It has a fast development and strong relationship chain model, making it easy for farmers to accept. The disadvantage is that in the development process, due to the increase in agricultural product prices, in order to build standardized farms, there must be large-scale land with qualified epidemic prevention conditions, which leads to difficulties in land leasing and high rents, and to some extent limits development.