& nbsp;   Since the second half of the 19th century, developed Western countries have begun to design and develop waste incineration equipment. The main purpose of applying waste incineration technology and equipment at that time was to:

(1) Harmless treatment of garbage at high temperatures, eliminating bacteria and pathogens;

  (2) Generate usable ash residue;

  (3) Avoid smoke and odors generated by combustion;

  (4) Convert the energy contained in garbage into steam, electricity, or hot water for utilization;

  (5) Incinerate waste at the lowest possible cost, with reasonable equipment operation and working conditions;

  (6) Burn all unusable combustible waste.

 & nbsp;   Solid waste in the worldRefuse incineratorBorn in Europe during the Second Technological Revolution. In the second half of the 19th century, Paddington in England had developed into a densely populated industrialized city. In 1870, a garbage incinerator was put into operation in Paddington. At that time, the moisture and ash content of the garbage were very high, so its heat generation was low and difficult to burn. Therefore, the operation of this incinerator was poor and soon stopped. In response to the problem of poor quality and difficulty in incineration of garbage, a double-layer grate was first adopted (with strong burning coal seams on the lower grate), and then in 1884, an attempt was made to mix garbage with coal to improve the combustion characteristics of garbage fuel. However, both attempts did not yield satisfactory results, and due to the low chimney, the surrounding environment was contaminated by irritating smoke.  In order to solve the problems of irritating smoke and carbon black pollution, the first measure taken was to increase the incineration temperature to 700 ℃, and later further increase it to 800-1100 ℃. At that time, people were already aware of the impact of combustion air volume and input method on flue gas temperature, so measures such as raising chimneys, configuring air supply fans and induced draft fans were successively adopted to increase ventilation and meet the demand for combustion air volume in the incineration process. After the chimney is raised, it also solves the problem of the diffusion of irritating and harmful substances in the flue gas.  Due to the significant variations in the types and composition of waste across regions and seasons, waste incineration equipment must have good fuel adaptability. In this regard, the technical measures taken at that time were to add a garbage drying area in the incinerator and to use combustion air preheating.